Pulmonary Edema. Last updated {{'2023-11-10T11:14:35. Do NOT scrub the area to clean it as this can cause skin abrasions; in general, pat the area dry and do not scrub or wipe it. IV infiltration is a common complication of intravenous (IV). Mild Causes of EdemaMacular edema is caused by pockets of fluid (usually leakage from damaged blood vessels) swelling up in the macula . It can be caused by a problem with the venous circulation system, the lymphatic system or the kidneys. Compression is king when managing lymphorrhoea. According to current medical reports, about 50% of IVs fail, with over 20% of those. Regardless of the cause, fluid makes it difficult for the lungs to function (to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide with. The fluid is predominantly water, but protein and cell-rich fluid can accumulate if there is infection or lymphatic obstruction. Our site offers a vast selection of leaked videos and photos from popular social media platforms and adult. This can cause symptoms of congestive heart failure, which include: Shortness of breath, especially with exertion or when lying flat. Abstract. Abstract The management of lower-limb lymphovenous disease and lymphorrhoea (‘leaky legs’) is challenging. Recurring infections. heart palpitations, or a feeling as though your heart is skipping. A tumor that blocks the flow of blood or another fluid called lymph can cause edema. In general, leaks from Mdemma OnlyFans page are not available for very much time for the reason of DMCA Takedowns. Opnieuw video Emma (mdemma) NSFW gelekt: nu met plug. Neutropenia. Medicines that help the body get rid of too much fluid through urine can treat worse forms of edema. The thoracic duct is the largest lymphatic duct in the body,[1] with a typical length of 45 cm and a diameter of 2 to 5 mm. Blood cells. at center of edematous region; above and below the center; must be reproducible; additional measurements are needed if the area is large. “Midwestemma excavator viral video” is currently trending online after sever leaked videos of Onlyfans model Emma Claire were shared by a Twitter user Etherlvz and gone viral. Attacks often last several days and require emergency care. Request Mdemma. Chat and watch the stream of Mdemma - Fancentro profile, subscription offers, and much more. There are several treatment options available for macular edema. Media: 79. More Leaks on Leaks4fap. Wet macular degeneration is a long-lasting eye disorder that causes blurred vision or a blind spot in the central vision. Macular degeneration – a common cause of sight problems as we get older. The album about Mdemma OF Leaks Mega Link is to be seen for free on EroMe shared by Steven2005. 1K votes, 81 comments. Fluid Retention or Edema. 2 4,7K. Wrap gauze around these to keep them in place, and tape securely. Live sex. Acute pulmonary edema as a complication of thoracic surgery is found. Our advanced features, such as CDN support and password protection, make Gofile the ideal. We provide you an access to a third party websites. Dress the wound with sterile, absorbent, non-sticky bandages, and then wrap your limb with short-stretch compression bandages. Fancentro BEST CHOICE(the same as OF but with ideal payment)😈There are 4 types of edema: Pulmonary edema is the type where fluid leaks to the air spaces of alveoli which is found in lungs. These conditions may cause symptoms like vision distortion, blind spots, and other vision changes. 8 Arrests. The progression of pancreatic duct leak can result in the development of various clinical entities including pseudocyst formation, pleural effusion, ascites, and pancreatic fistulas. Pulmonary edema is a medical condition characterized by the accumulation of excessive fluid in the lungs, leading to respiratory distress and impaired oxygen exchange. Transudate is excess fluid that is forced out as a result of elevated capillary blood pressure in the lower limb (Cutting and White, 2002). r/NLCelebs. Every video that she has with subscription is less than 2 minutes, she has around 40 videos maybe only 4-5 of them are around 2 minutes the other ones not even a minute and a lot of them are clothed like her pictures! 1. Download. Pitting edema occurs when excess fluid builds up in the body, causing swelling; when pressure is applied to the swollen area, a “pit”, or indentation, will remain. While there are several other medical conditions that can cause lower extremity edema, dependent edema is the. 570 votes, 62 comments. Posts: 1. There are numerous reasons why dogs leak urine uncontrollably, and most of them are unavoidable symptoms of aging or disease. AutoScroll. Liver disease: If your liver is scarred, these scars could block blood flow, causing edema. Marrow edema is a condition where the bone marrow becomes inflamed. (pulmonary=lung+edema=excess fluid). Symptoms an signs of pulmonary edema include shortness of breath while lying flat, decrease in exercise tolerance, wheezing, and difficulty doing activities that were once routine. com. Mdemma naakt by @NicoleWilliamsUSA in Influencers_NL. • Treatment includes supplemental oxygen, medications, mechanical ventilation, renal replacement therapy. Pancreatic duct leak may arise from acute and chronic pancreatitis, or as a complication of surgery or trauma. More Leaks on Fapoleaks. The fluid builds up in nearby tissues. Thankfully, there are alternatives where adult creators can host their content with fewer restrictions and fans can enjoy it. 00:05 00:11 00:17 00:23 00:29 00:35 00:41 00:47 00:53 00:59 Published on 1 month Related playlists Geil Dutch Dutch 57 videos dutch 48 videos Dutch Recent porn videos by yanneman30 11m 1080p Watch Mdemma onlyfans Free porn videos. Symptoms include sudden swelling in areas like the face, throat. Follow Discuss (2) 🔥 UNDRESS AI. Other causes might include surgery, infection, poor nutrition, tumor growth, or a blockage. chat. It can be a cause of infection, and it's icky to look at, I know. Threads: 0. Lay down and raise your legs at a 90° angle. Tension pneumothorax is an unusual but a recognized cause of respiratory and cardiovascular compromise during anaesthesia and surgery. You may notice a lump, but you may also have swelling with no lump. Mdemma photos & videos. Junior Member. Request Mdemma. Untreated or uncontrolled high blood pressure can enlarge the heart. She acts sexy on her tiktok, but is actually a really bad fuck Dutch Nederlands Dutch BE - NL Watch. mdemma / mdemma / mdemma. stage 2: moderate to severe, firm, indentable, pitting. Anonymous2314 Junior Member. Peripheral edema is a most common type of edema as this is noticeably visible in arms and legs or distal parts of the body. If a blood protein, called albumin, gets too low, fluid is retained and edema occurs, especially in the feet, ankles and lower legs. It is most common in the legs and feet, but can also happen in the hands, arms, face, and abdomen. The definition of edema is a swelling due to the expansion of interstitial fluid volume in tissues or an organ. Mmmm1717. 1. Leg swelling isn't always a sign of a heart or circulation problem. Serious illnesses that can cause edema include: heart failure. Laryngeal oedema is a known complication of intubation that may cause airway obstruction in a patient on extubation. Op deze beelden is te zien dat de blondine niet beroerd is van een plugje op z’n tijd. 9 Arrests. Symptoms of swelling include: An area of your body is larger than it was a day ago. A special case is the rare Idiopathic Capillary Leak Syndrome (Clarksons´disease) which presents dramatically with attacks of hypovolemic shock and pitting edema [58, 59]. It is a common manifestation of dialysate leakage caused by inguinal, umbilical, femoral, or incisional hernias; peritoneal tears; leaks around the dialysis catheter; trauma; fluid overload; and malignancy. 8K subscribers. mdemma Onlyfans - mega in bio SoyEli04. Some edema is mild and even may be expected, such as swollen ankles during pregnancy. Symptoms may begin right after implant insertion or many years later. You will always find some best Mdemma onlyfans videos xxx. Instagram. Macular edema is caused by pockets of fluid (usually leakage from damaged blood vessels) swelling up in the macula . Medications. Keeping the feet elevated also helps reduce the weeping. Edema. 90 Media. One of the most common of these water pills, also known as diuretics, is furosemide (Lasix). To see @mdemma 109 Photos and 41 Videos that are available just click on the button above. Meet new friends, find tons of leaks, share resources, learn many new things, check our awesome custom features and participate in discussions! Links. In de vierdelige docuserie ‘MDEMMA’ duikt Emma in de wereld van XTC. Common causes include: Diabetes – high blood-sugar levels weaken blood vessel causing them to leak into the macula. Then, apply a moisturizing lotion to help heal the skin and protect it from further breakdown. redness around the swollen area. We are a community that suits everyone. If capillary leak syndrome isn’t. (arthritis) Swelling. Keeping the feet elevated also helps reduce the weeping. Mild Causes of Edema Macular edema is caused by pockets of fluid (usually leakage from damaged blood vessels) swelling up in the macula . Clarkson´s disease is not associated with inflammation but acute serum from patients with Clarksons´s disease increases capillary leakage in. • Symptoms include difficulty breathing, shortness of breath, wheezing, shallow breathing. The site is inclusive of artists and content creators from all genres and allows them to monetize their content while developing authentic relationships with their fanbase. 135 Online. It is secreted from the ciliary body, a structure supporting the lens of the eyeball. Every day, thousands of people use EroMe to enjoy free photos and videos. Remove tight clothing or footwear. The chronic, progressive accumulation of protein-rich fluid within the interstitium and the fibro-adipose tissue exceeds the capacity of the lymphatic system to transport the fluid. There are several types of excess fluid in the eye, depending on the health issue that is causing fluid to build up. Treat eczema. This swelling, which can extend into the fingers or toes, usually develops gradually over time. Lifestyle causes of periorbital edema include: Irregular sleep: Getting too much or too little sleep may cause a person’s body to retain fluid. Stridor is one of the most frequent causes of early extubation failure. Edema from Congestive Heart Failure. A CSF leak is an escape of the fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. Search arrest records and find latests mugshots and bookings for Misdemeanors and Felonies. Do NOT scrub the area to clean it as this can cause skin abrasions; in general, pat the area dry and do not scrub or wipe it. It has been argued that the oedema of kwashiorkor is not caused by hypoalbuminaemia because the oedema disappears with dietary treatment before the plasma albumin concentration rises. 3. Je wilt deze fantastische video's niet missen! Watch mdemma Onlyfans leak on SpankBang now! - Dutch, Mdemma, Buttplug Porn - SpankBang. Kidney disease: Your kidneys work on maintaining a healthy fluid balance in your body. Edema occurs when tiny blood vessels in the body, also known as capillaries, leak fluid. Tight clothing and footwear can irritate your blisters. Gov. Mdemma OF Leaks Mega Link pictures and videos on EroMe. Voor Nederlandse en Belgische bekendheden. Localised – fluid retention in a particular part of the body. itching. Some of the most common symptoms are. If you have an open wound, you may notice that the fluid draining from the site is often something other than. More Leaks on Fapodrop. Weeping legs in elderly, pregnant women, and other people has a number of interesting causes. 3. When it happens around the lungs, doctors call it pleural effusion. View mdemma OnlyFans content for free. Junior Member. The entire volume of the CSF space is about 150 ml, and almost 500 ml of CSF are produced each day. Onlyfans, Patreon nude, leaked, porno & xxx videos. The fluid cannot be simply drained with a needle and may not improve if you take ‘water pills’ (diuretics). Marrow edema can cause a number of problems, one of which is spinal stenosis. Treatment. Edema can be uncomfortable and cause swelling, pain, and tightness in the affected area. Fluid retention (oedema) occurs when the fluid isn’t removed from the tissues. Edema is swelling caused by too much fluid building up inside the body. Common signs include inflammation, tightness of the skin, and pain around the IV site. Fancentro BEST CHOICE(the same as OF but with ideal payment)😈 Login or Sign up to get access to a huge variety of top quality leaks. 1. @mdemma new hot onlyfans leaked nudesNude photos of Mdemma. F Leaks💝 (9/10/2023) - 1. Back pressure causes pulmonary edema, or fluid accumulation in the lungs. Recurring infections. Being premenstrual. If you do have symptoms, they might include: Swelling behind the knee, and sometimes in the leg. The swelling might make an adult's scrotum feel heavy. Leaked Video And Images About mdemma. It is a phenomenon most commonly witnessed in sepsis, and less frequently in autoimmune diseases, differentiation. FREE SWINGER SITE. fatigue. Joined: Mar 2023. With diabetes, high blood sugar levels damage blood vessels, which leak into the macula. 13. Spinal stenosis is a condition in which the spinal canal narrows, putting pressure on the spinal cord and nerves. My 16TB Mega account was just terminated so a few of my links do not work. Signs of this kind of edema include puffiness of the hands, feet and / or face. 🔞 Welcome to our exclusive OnlyFans leaks Telegram channel! 🔥 📸 Packs with over 100GB 💦Most exclusive and seductive material 👉 Don't miss out on the ultimate collection of exclusive content from OnlyFansProper Instagram models with links so you never need to ask for sources. Mitral valve regurgitation is the most common type of heart valve disease. Reactions to medications can also cause angioedema, a condition in which fluid leaks out of blood vessels into surrounding tissues. Ze onderzoekt hoe schadelijk XTC is, welke wereld er op dit moment achter zit en wat voo. Low protein levels in the blood caused by malnutrition, kidney and liver disease can cause edema. The leak leads to swelling. Check out the latest. Pulmonary edema is a condition in which fluid accumulates in the lungs, making it difficult for oxygen to pass through the alveoli and into the bloodstream. Voor Nederlandse en Belgische bekendheden. When this happens, a person will likely experience serious tissue damage, including ulceration and. 4 min read. Emma aka @mdemma Full Onlyfans Download This OnlyFans usually costs: $25 per month. This can be caused by a variety of things, including infection, injury, or disease. The macula is the part of the retina that gives the eye clear vision in the direct line of sight. It can happen because you have been standing or sitting for too long. Among them, pancreatic pseudocyst is the most common. The lymph fluid is considered a natural food source for bacteria, meaning the wound becomes an entry point for the bacteria to enter your body and cause infections such as cellulitis, lymphangitis, or erysipelas. chat. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. . Marrow edema can cause a number of problems, one of which is spinal stenosis. Symptoms. The best way to support the creator is to subscribe to @mdemma OnlyFans page. If a blood protein, called albumin, gets too low, fluid is retained and edema occurs, especially in the feet, ankles and lower legs. Two swollen legs. Several clinical conditions present with edema, making it a critical clinical feature for diagnostic medicine. BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Glioma angiogenesis and its different hemodynamic features, which can be evaluated by using perfusion CT (PCT) imaging of the brain, have been correlated with the grade and the aggressiveness of gliomas. Burn shock occurs from the coalescence of three cardinal causes: (1) hypovolemia resulting from intravascular fluid leaking into the interstitial space causing burn edema, (2) cardiac depression due to humoral factors and loss of preload, and (3) increased systemic vascular resistance. It is often due to the left ventricular heart failure to adequately remove blood from the pulmonary circulation, which is known as cardiogenic pulmonary edema. It’s usually done after part of the channel has been removed (resected). In some cases, like. 91GB - TheJavaSea Forum, Gaming Laptops & PCs Reviews, Linux Tutorials, Network Hacks, Hacking, Leaks, Proxies, Domains & Webhosting, Coding Tutorials, SEO Tips & Hacks, Security TIPS and much more. This provides a streamlined, evidence-based pathway to extubate patients without a cuff leak. Often the only sign of a hydrocele is a painless swelling of one or both testicles. Other common symptoms may include: Fatigue. Background and Objective. There are many different conditions that can cause macular edema. Mmmm1717 Junior Member. Causes of Edema. Among them, pancreatic pseudocyst is the most common. @onlyfansfreee3. Extravasation occurs when a vesicant drug leaks out of the vein and into the surrounding tissue. 13. an open wound. Hardening and thickening of the skin (fibrosis) Signs and symptoms can range from mild to severe. It contains the lymph nodes and lymph vessels and contains lymphocytes, which are white blood cells that help guard the body against any infections or inflammations. If left untreated, macular edema can cause severe vision loss and even blindness. defiency in numbers of white. Edema occurs when an excessive volume of fluid accumulates in the tissues, either within cells (cellular edema) or within the collagen-mucopolysaccharide matrix distributed in the interstitial spaces (interstitial edema) [14,42,62,64,87,88,141,215,247,279]. Chylothorax is the term used for thoracic duct leak and collection into the pleural space. Compression sox may reduce the weeping, if tolerated. Mdemma OF Leaks Mega Link pictures and videos on EroMe. {{'2023-11-09T17:51:11. This subreddit is for sharing content of Dutch & Belgian female celebrities. Other girls say to only buy from accounts that have less then 100k followers so if you want a guideline you should use that. . This section will examine the different weeping edema causes that may be mild, more severe, or occur as a symptom of medications. You can download it and watch later or watch Onlyfans video mdemma Onlyfans porn leaked. Lymphedema can also lead to: skin changes. Mdemma naakt by @NicoleWilliamsUSA in Influencers_NL. A feeling of heaviness or tightness. Mild Causes of EdemaIn de vierdelige docuserie ‘MDEMMA’ duikt Emma in de wereld van XTC. They are sometimes life threatening. • A blood clot blocking blood flow in a large leg vein — also called deep vein thrombosis (DVT) • An injury, such as a broken leg or a pulled leg muscle. bruising. forum. Types of oedema include: Idiopathic – no known cause. Oedema in malnutrition (kwashiorkor) is due to extra cellular imbalnce of the fluids which is caused by lower albumin level. Don't miss out! Subscribe to be notified when the stream starts!Left heart failure means the heart is unable to eject a normal stroke volume from the left ventricle. A feeling of heaviness or tightness. Hypotension, shock, and acute kidney injury (AKI) often dominate the initial clinical picture. While BME can occur in any bone, the legs are most often. Fluid can build up behind the retina due to different conditions, including macular edema and central serous retinopathy . Head injury. Management of capillary leak syndrome. _) • Instagram photos and videos 24K Followers, 1,048 Following, 83 Posts – See Instagram photos and videos from EMMA (@mdemma. . Therefore, it is vital to assess the unique presentation and mechanism. Eating too much salty food. The process of the formation, flow, and reabsorption of CSF is dynamic. Largest Database of Maryland Mugshots. Edema occurs when an excessive volume of fluid accumulates in the tissues, either within cells (cellular edema) or within the collagen-mucopolysaccharide matrix distributed in the interstitial spaces (interstitial edema) [14,42,62,64,87,88,141,215,247,279]. While your legs may weep fluid for various reasons, it could be a symptom, or complication, of diabetes . 25K subscribers in the Influencers_NL community. Sit down and kick your leg forward. Rich view. Edema is swelling of a part of the body due to fluid buildup in the tissues. Treatment. This makes the macula swell, causing blurry vision. Free. Blood and joint fluid within the joint capsule; usually found in the knee and/or elbow joint; sometimes drained to check for infection. 8mo ⋅ Puzzleheaded_Risk165 ⋅ r/CelebsNL. Just make sure that the amount of likes/comments are reasonable to. 🙁. Things like a twisted ankle, a bee sting, or a skin infection will cause edema. dizziness or lightheadedness. To correlate optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) characteristics of diabetic microaneurysms (MAs) with leakage status on fluorescein angiography (FA). Hoi! ik reis de wereld over met mijn hondje ️🌎 check spicy links voor alles achter de schermen en onder de lakens😳😈@Mdem. Weeping eczema is. The most common local conditions that cause edema are varicose veins and thrombophlebitis (inflammation of the veins) of the deep veins of the legs. Low protein levels in the blood caused by malnutrition, kidney and liver disease can cause edema. Deze prachtige dame escaleert voor alle fans op de Only Fans, maar ze snapt ook zeker. Aplastic anemia. There are many different kinds and causes of edema, and it’s often a symptom of another condition. Shutterstock/AppleDK. Cerebral edema: Fluid accumulates in your brain. TikTok 18+ (Click) Next page. 1. Although it can affect any part of the body, pitting edema usually occurs in legs, feet, and ankles. EroMe is the best place to share your erotic pics and porn videos. More Leaks on Fapodrop. The characteristics of MAs on OCTA en face, OCT. Causes of sudden leg swelling (edema) Here are some possible causes of leg swelling that comes on over less than 72 hours. midwestemma. the balance between the fluid that leaks from the pulmonary microvasculature and the fluid that is effectively removed from the lung. [3] You can find moleskin near first-aid supplies or around shoe inserts at most stores. Thus,the term pulmonary edema is used to denote the condition in which there is an excess of water accumulation in the lung. tenderness. Find mdemma_'s Linktree and find Onlyfans here. The proteins help to hold salt and water inside the blood vessels so fluid does not leak out into the tissues. If the leakage is severe,. Causes of bone marrow edema include: Stress fractures. You can download it and watch later or watch Onlyfans video mdemma Onlyfans porn leaked. Therefore, the volume of CSF is replaced about three times a day. This may be of gradual onset if the process develops slowly, or it can have a sudden onset in the case of acute pulmonary edema. In the right eye of a different patient, the pinpoint microaneurysms (above center) become fuzzy in appearance as the fluorescein dye leaks from the blood vessels into the surrounding retinal tissue (above right). Edema is common after a long flight, for example, or in people who have to. You may experience heaviness or a dull ache in the affected area. PULMCrit. Spayed females can cause dog leaking urine. If you are experiencing vision problems, contact Associated Retina Consultants right away to schedule an examination with our doctors. More Leaks on Fapoleaks. Watch Mdemma Leaked porn videos for free, here on Pornhub. High blood pressure (hypertension). The most common symptom of lymphedema is swelling in one or both arms or legs. • Involves pulmonary, critical care. Someone deleted the Montgomery county thread. Edema. Emma Claire | midwestemma 🔥 💦 MORE OF HER CONTENTS IN COMMENTS! More like this. Doctors call fluid collecting in the lining of the abdomen ascites. Reanalysis of this evidence and a review of the literature demonstrates that this was a mistaken conclusion and that the oedema is. This is called pulmonary edema. An anastomotic leak is a potentially dangerous complication of anastomosis, a surgical procedure. Let's see how a to tier country girl does it. Being pregnant. 45K subscribers in the NLCelebs community. Therefore, treatment is aimed at reducing pulmonary artery pressures, improving oxygenation, and increasing fluid removal from the alveoli. In this phase, fluids and albumin (protein in blood plasma) leak from the capillaries and into tissue. You can have swelling due to fluid buildup simply from being overweight, being. Joint effusion. 11-21. 00:05 / 00:13. 🔞 By entering this channel you are accepting that you are of legal age 🔞It is possible that complications can occur with a seroma. calendar_today. When leakage involves the central retina, it is called macular edema. One swollen leg. These dilated blood vessels then leak serum into the soft tissue of the skin, causing mild swelling (edema) and oozing of the serum onto the skin surface. FanCentro is similar to OnlyFans in that fans can buy a. mdemma is most probably working as a full-time OnlyFans creator with an estimated earnings somewhere between $12. Point your toes towards your head to extend your legs. Oedema can be most easily seen around the feet and ankles, often after standing for long periods (peripheral oedema). Treatment. Edema occurs when fluid leaks from the tiny blood vessels in your body. Liver disease: If your liver is scarred, these scars could block blood flow, causing edema. 🔞 Welcome to our exclusive OnlyFans leaks Telegram channel! 🔥 📸 Packs with over 100GB 💦Most exclusive and seductive material 👉 Don't miss out on the ultimate collection of exclusive content from OnlyFansHigh blood pressure adds to the workload of the heart and arteries. There are 4 types of edema: Pulmonary edema is the type where fluid leaks to the air spaces of alveoli which is found in lungs. In some cases, a Baker cyst causes no pain, and you may not notice it. In men on CPD, scrotal edema can develop from generalized volume gain secondary to either CPD catheter malfunction or imbalance between total fluid removal and salt and water intake. Patients and Methods. She acts sexy on her tiktok, but is actually a really bad fuck Dutch Nederlands Dutch BE - NL Watch Mdemma on SpankBang now! - Dildo, Mdemma, Toy Porn - SpankBang Leaked Mdemma Requests Model Leaked Mdemma Download Full Pack EMMA (@mdemma. Signs of this kind of edema include puffiness of the hands, feet and / or face. Pleural edema is when excess fluids are contained in abdominal area, pleural space or. forum. Fluid that leaks from grossly oedematous legs will differ depending on the underlying cause. According to other sources for mdemma leaks, we are the only site with real leaked images and videos of mdemma. mdemma, mdemma. However, the lung is a complex organ, and there are many causes of this excess fluid accumulation. Peripheral edema is the most common type of edema and affects the arms, legs, feet, and. 167 MAs from 39 diabetic eyes were analyzed using OCTA and FA simultaneously. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks are one of the common complications after traumatic brain injuries (TBI). 657Z' | moment 'MM/DD/YY HH:mm'}} 1 replies. When it leaks out, the pressure around the brain and spinal cord drops. Both yes! Just make sure that they have good traffic to their account in the past 7 days. 01:41 01:58 02:15 02:32 02:49 Published on 1 month Mdemma. Instagram. It happens when damaged blood vessels in the retina leak fluid into the area. Air leaks can be defined as any extrusion of air from normal gas-filled cavities including the upper airway, sinuses, tracheobronchial tree, and gastrointestinal (GI) tract.